Guidance

SS38/15 – Solvency II: consistency of UK generally accepted accounting principles with the Solvency II Directive

Printed on: 19/06/2025

Rulebook at: 31/01/2023

Related links

Valuation https://www.prarulebook.co.uk/pra-rules/valuation/31-01-2023
CP16/15 - Solvency II: consistency of UK generally accepted accounting principles with the Solvency II Directive https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/prudential-regulation/publication/2015/solvency-2-consistency-of-uk-generally-accepted-accounting-principles-with-the-solvency-2-directive

Chapters

  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Consistency of Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive with UK GAAP to which the derogation may apply

1

Introduction

1.1

This supervisory statement is addressed to all insurance firms within the scope of Solvency II reporting under UK generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) rather than using international accounting standards (IFRS).

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1.2

The statement was subject to public consultation,[1] and reflects feedback received by the PRA. Some comments suggested altering wording and these suggestions have been accepted where clarity would be improved. There is no change in policy.

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1.3

The PRA is publishing this statement to expand on its general approach as set out in its Insurance Approach document.[2] By clearly and consistently explaining its views in this area, the PRA seeks to advance its statutory objectives of ensuring the safety and soundness of the firms it regulates, and contributing to securing an appropriate degree of protection for policyholders.

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1.4

The PRA has considered matters to which it is required to have regard, and it considers that this statement is compatible with the Regulatory Principles and relevant provisions of the Legislative and Regulatory Reform Act 2006. This statement is not expected to have any direct or indirect discriminatory impact under existing UK law.

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1.5

Article 9 of the Solvency II Regulation (EU) 2015/35 (‘the Solvency II Regulation’) contains a derogation (‘the derogation’) for firms within the scope of Solvency II for which annual financial statements and consolidated financial statements (if any) are prepared under UK generally accepted accounting principles. This allows firms the option of recognising and valuing assets and liabilities under UK GAAP for Solvency II purposes if:

  • UK GAAP is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive;
  • the valuation method is proportionate to the nature, scale, and complexity inherent in the business of the undertaking; and
  • the process of valuing the assets and liabilities using international accounting standards would impose costs which are disproportionate with respect to the total administrative expenses of the firm.
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1.6

The PRA expects that where UK GAAP and IFRS are consistent, in that they apply the same requirements as regards recognition and valuation, the derogation will not apply. In such cases firms will not incur any costs to use IFRS recognition and valuation criteria, since they will already be applying what IFRS would require when reporting under UK GAAP.

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1.7

The PRA expects any firm wishing to take advantage of the derogation to provide supporting evidence regarding the second and third conditions set out in paragraph 1.5 above to its supervisor before so doing. However, rather than each firm having individually to consider and establish whether its proposed accounting treatment is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive, and in order to promote consistency in application of the derogation, this supervisory statement lists those UK GAAP treatments which the PRA considers to be consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive, in full or in part.

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1.8

The derogation relates to paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 9 of the Solvency II Regulation, but does not affect the application of Articles 10 to 16 except to the extent that these provisions refer back to Article 9 regarding recognition or valuation. Therefore in addition to Article 9:

  The derogation:
Article 10: valuation hierarchy.
  • applies to the whole of Article 10 of the
    Solvency II Regulation.
Article 14: valuation methods for specific
liabilities
  • applies to the first sentence of Article 14
    (1).

[The second sentence of Article 14 (1)
reiterates requirement in Article 75 (1) of the
Solvency II Directive, and as such cannot be
derogated by the Solvency II Regulations.]

  • does not apply to Article 14 (2).
Article 15: deferred tax
  • applies to Article 15 (1), but not to Article
    15 (2) or (3).

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1.9

Any firm that relies on the derogation will still be expected to apply in full the remaining valuation requirements of the Solvency II Regulation, regardless of whether the UK GAAP provisions are consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.

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1.10

For insurance firms, most of the differences between UK GAAP and international accounting standards relate only to the level of detail which must be disclosed. Since the derogation addresses recognition and valuation of assets and liabilities rather than their disclosure, it is expected to have a limited effect in the United Kingdom.

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2

Consistency of Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive with UK GAAP to which the derogation may apply

2.1

The PRA has analysed the financial reporting standards (FRS) to consider whether these are consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive and therefore within the possible scope of the derogation. Its conclusions are set out in the table below.

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2.2

Where a firm is discussing with its usual supervisor contact whether the conditions for an application of the derogation apply, the PRA expects that firm to apply this supervisory statement’s conclusions on FRS consistency with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive as regards which provisions of UK GAAP it may use.

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  Derogation permits use of FRS? Reason
FRS100 n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies. 
FRS101
 n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies that differ from IFRS.
FRS102

Chapters 1–10
 n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies.
Chapter 11: Basic financial instruments
 Yes, with amendments

Assets: The fair value measurement methodology is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.

Liabilities: The fair value measurement methodology is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive when an item is initially recognised.

Subsequently, the second sentence of Article 14 of the Solvency II Regulation applies; there shall be no valuation adjustment to take account of the change in own credit standing of the insurance or reinsurance undertaking.
Chapter 12: Other financial instruments
 Yes, with amendments

The fair value measurement methodology is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive when an item is initially recognised.

Subsequently, the second sentence of Article 14 of the Solvency II Regulation applies; there shall be no valuation adjustment to take account of the change in own credit standing of the insurance or reinsurance undertaking.
Chapter 13: Inventories
 No Article 16 (5) of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 14: Investment in associates No Article 13 of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 15: Investment in joint ventures
 No Article 13 of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 16: Investment property
 Yes, for one valuation option
 Only the fair value model methodology is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 17: Property plant and equipment
 Yes, for one valuation option
 Only the revaluation model is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 18: Intangibles other than goodwill
 No Article 12 of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 19: Business combinations and Goodwill
 Yes, in part

Business combinations — Acquisition accounting: the fair value valuation is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.

Goodwill — Article 12 of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 20: Leases
 No Article 16 (4) of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 21: Provisions and contingencies
 No, because Article 9(4)(d) of the SII Regulation does not apply

Provisions and contingent assets — provisions consistent with IFRS valuation methodology so using IFRS would not impose any additional costs.

Contingent liabilities — Article 11 of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 22: Liabilities and equity
 No Solvency II regulatory capital is not dependent on accounting treatment.
Chapter 23: Revenue recognition n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies.
Chapter 24: Government grants
 Yes Both the recognition and fair value measurement are consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 25: Borrowing costs
 No Provisions are based on a cost model so are not consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 26: Share based payments
 Yes  This fair value valuation methodology is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 27: Impairment of
assets
 No Provisions are based on a cost model so are not consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 28: Employee benefits
 Yes The measurement principles for employee benefits are consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 29: Income tax
 No, because Article 9(4)(d) of the SII Regulation does not apply

Tax — provisions consistent with IFRS valuation methodology so using IFRS would not impose any additional costs.

Deferred tax — Provisions are consistent with IFRS as regards Article 15(1) of the Solvency II Regulation so using IFRS would not impose disproportionate costs. Article 15(2) and (3) of the Solvency II Regulation still applies.
Chapter 30: Foreign currency translation
 No, because Article 9(4)(d) of the SII Regulation does not apply
 Provisions consistent with IFRS valuation methodology so using IFRS would not impose any additional costs.
Chapter 31: Hyperinflation Yes The figures of current and corresponding prior periods are restated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period, which is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Chapter 32
 No, because Article 9(4)(d) of the SII Regulation does not apply
 Events after the End of the Reporting Period — Provisions are consistent with IFRS valuation methodology so using IFRS would not impose any additional costs
Chapter 33
 n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies.
Chapter 34: Specialist activities

Agriculture
 Yes, (in part)

Fair value less cost to sell is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive where estimated cost to sell is immaterial.

If costs to sell are material, then the adjustment required by Article 16 (7) of the Solvency II Regulations should be applied.
Extraction activities
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Service concession arrangements
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Financial Institutions
 n.a. Provisions do not contain valuation methodologies.
Retirement benefit plans
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Heritage assets
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Funding commitments
 In part, with amendments

Liabilities — Where the funding
commitment is a liability the fair value
measurement methodology is consistent
with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive
at the point the funding commitment is
initially recognised. Subsequently, there
shall be no valuation adjustment to take
account of the change in own credit
standing of the insurance or reinsurance
undertaking.

Contingent liabilities — Where the
funding commitment is a contingent
liability Article 11 of the Solvency II
Regulation still applies.
Income resources from non-exchange transactions
 Yes The fair value valuation basis is consistent with Article 75 of the Solvency II Directive.
Public benefit entity combinations
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Public benefit entity concessionary loans
 n.a. PRA does not expect these provisions to apply to insurance undertakings.
Chapter 35
 No This chapter provides transitional provisions from the previous UK GAAP regime.
FRS 103
 No Articles 76 to 86 of the Solvency II Directive and Chapter III of the Regulation still apply.

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